2019年秋天，笔者来到了中东欧之行的最后一站俄罗斯进行实地考察。在两个月的时间里，笔者走访了当地的中资企业和中国商会，并对俄罗斯商界和政界的相关人士进行了访谈。以下是笔者了解到的俄罗斯的政经环境以及中国企业在该国的机遇和挑战。

国家概况

俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆的11个时区，国土面积1709.82万平方公里，是世界上最大的国家。俄罗斯人口约为1.46亿，近年来由于政府的鼓励生育政策，人口已经重新转为正增长。俄罗斯为多民族国家，绝大多数居民信奉东正教，该国的社会风气较西欧传统和保守很多。

经济现状

苏联解体后，俄...

U, is for USSR: Russia was once a part of a larger country: the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The USSR was the most powerful communist country in the world. But when the USSR broke, it became many small countries.

V, is for Vladivostok: Vladivostok is an important city on Russia's eastern edge. You can take a train to there. You can go from Moscow to Vladivostok. It usually takes about six or seven days. But you can enjoy the view of the country side!

W, is for White Nights: In St...

N, is for nerpa: Nerpas are seals that only live in Lake Baikal. They are also the only kind of seal that lives in fresh water and not in salt water. They can stay in the water for 70 minutes while other seals can only stay in the water for 20 minutes! That means they can hold their breath for 70 minutes.

O, is for -ovna and -ovich: Russian have a strange way of naming. Each Russian has three names: a first name(whatever you want), a middle name(based on his or her father's first name), an...

H, is for hockey: Russians love to play sports on the ice. Hockey is very popular there. People love to both play and watch hockey there. Because Russia stays cold almost all year, people can enjoy ice skating and sledding too!

I, is for icon: Icons are picture of gods painted on wooden panels. Russian Orthodox religion use icons to help them pray. Russia churches are full of them, and some people put them in their homes. Would you like to have one or two of them?

J, is for jeweled egg: ...

《Russia ABCs: a book about the people and places of Russia》

"Privyet!" This is the Russian saying of "Hi". Russia is the biggest country of the world! It is both in Asia and Europe. There are almost 145 million people in Russia, ranks 8th in the world population. Now, welcome to learn about Russia!

A, is for alphabet: Russia people use Cyrillic, not English alphabet. It have 33 letters. Some letters are like English, but sound different. How would you like to try saying it? I certai...

俄罗斯正试图将位于中俄边境的海参崴打造成全球最大的赌城之一，瞄准中日韩尤其是中国赌客的钱袋，包括澳门赌王何鸿燊家族在内的诸多博彩集团已经前往兴建赌场。但何氏家族旗下博彩上市公司新濠国际发展（0200.HK）最新的半年业绩报告显示：其所参股的俄罗斯最大合法赌场——水晶虎宫殿今年上半年仍处于亏损之中。

当经济因为低迷的油价遭受打击之时，俄罗斯的赌城梦也并不顺利。当前东亚地区的赌城已经明显过剩，除了澳门各大赌博集团纷纷扩建新赌场之外，新加坡、马来西亚、老挝、柬埔寨的大型赌场也纷纷开业。

围绕赌博这个古老...

发表于财新网专栏

自笔者在去年年底发表《抄底巴西的时机到了》一文以来，追踪巴西股指的最大美股ETF (EWZ)已经狂涨了近60%，在全世界范围内仅次于追踪金矿企业表现的ETF。近期，巴西弹劾总统案在众议院得到通过，股市的政治红利进入尾声。投资者可以考虑回笼资金，抓住下一个“巴西”机遇——投资俄罗斯。

熊市原因

自2014年中旬以来，俄罗斯股市在短短半年时间里就跌去了近45%。这主要是因为三个原因。首先，油价暴跌给这个能源大国的经济带来了极大的下行压力。由于俄罗斯股市中超过一半的市值来自于能源板块，俄罗斯股市的历史...

近来，国际原油价格猛跌，布兰特原油期货上周均价自2010年来首次跌破每桶70美元。高度依赖石油出口的俄罗斯因此而遭到重创，卢布汇率也一泄如注。对美元，卢布今年下半年已经贬去三分之一的价值。

相比较，人民币对美元汇率非常稳定，自2010年来顺势升值，而在2014年则略有回落，始终在一个较小的范围内波动。就官方语言来说，卢布和人民币汇率制度都是央行积极管理之下的浮动汇率制度。和人民币相比，卢布的汇率管理较为透明，主要钉住美元和欧元，兼...

最近油价暴跌，从今年夏天115美元/桶的价格跌到了眼下的80多美元--比过去三年的油价均值要低20%，上一次油价如此便宜还得回到四年前，这可欢喜坏了有车一族了。石油号称“工业社会的血液”，如果油价高企，企业就会成本高昂，利润缩水，投资收紧；老百姓就得面临高昂的物价，可支配收入就会大大减少，需要勒紧裤腰带过日子。那种痛苦绝对可以和银行大幅度加息，收紧银根媲美。

值此美联储终止量化宽松之际，又摊上高油价，举步维艰的全球经济恐怕就更是难熬了。在这节骨眼上，油价大降，绝对是犹如神兵天降似的救市之举。 ...

世界货币基金组织IMF警示称，发达国家收紧货币政策导致金融环境急剧收紧，加上新兴市场经济体普遍开始出现结构性放缓，两者之间的互相作用可能会对全球经济造成伤害。由于过去几十年中，新兴市场国家对全球经济的贡献日益增大，这些国家经济放缓对全球的影响将是非常深远的。据IMF估计，新兴市场国家GDP每下降1%，发达国家的年增长就将减少0.2%。

新兴市场正普遍经历经济下滑，并对世界其他国家造成“溢出”效应。“溢出”将通过多重渠道在全球范围内产生影响：贸易、商品市场、以及金融市场。尤其是来自巴西、中国、俄罗斯和委内瑞拉这...